The Post is a very competitive institution, and I think that was the main reason. Ben Bradlee: We were being very careful. Woodward's strength was in investigation, so he focused on investigating the Watergate scandal. He always saw me as a lawyer. There were 7,000 papers finally, and The New York Times got a copy of it. I called my father and said Im not going to law school, but have this job at a newspaper he had never heard of. Were there other writers in your father or mothers family? One story that Ephron shared with Pakula concerned how the two reporters sparred as they raced to complete the book All the Presidents Men. Woodward, she told the director, could be so stubborn and bullheaded and had no instinct for writing. When Ephron and Bernstein were in Martinique on vacation, Woodward and Bernstein fought on the telephone, to the tune of a $400 bill, about verb tenses. Thank God. Woodward was soon joined on the story by Bernstein, and together the two young reporters undertook a series of investigative reports that gradually revealed the connections between the burglary and a converging pattern of crimes that finally implicated President Richard M. Nixon himself, forcing his resignation in the face of otherwise certain impeachment. Pakulas notes, dated May 2, 1975, indicate that hed concluded this about the two reporters: * Bob thought Carl was hype, no follow-through. Ben Bradlee: A book had been taken out of the library. But in fact at that time, we were. Mr. President, the media is not fake news. Now an associate editor at The Washington Post, for several years Bob Woodward oversaw the papers special investigative projects. Robert U. Woodward was born in Geneva, Illinois, and raised in nearby Wheaton. Journalists honor free press at Correspondents' Dinner wit 11-year-old reads aloud from 'pornographic' book he checked out from library at school board meeting, Canadian teacher with size-Z prosthetic breasts placed on paid leave, Mike McCarthy shreds ex-Cowboys coordinator after firing, 2023 Billboard Women in Music Awards: Lana Del Ray, Kim Petras, & more, RHOA star Drew Sidora accuses ex Ralph Pittman of cheating, mental abuse, Original Gone With The Wind script reveals secret war over slavery, cut scenes, Sunny Hostin Points Finger at China for COVID Crisis: Did Not Cooperate With the International Community, Kanye West and 'wife' Bianca Censori look surprisingly happy on dinner date. 25 Feb/23. JAWORSKI, LEON Most news outlets dropped the story, and Nixon was re-elected in a historic landslide. Where did you work? And he went, CIA, Central Intelligence Agency. And I know my reaction was one of Oh! Are you and Bernstein still friends? Somebody who through force of personality made history interesting and important. But then, of course, if you think about it, Nixon is the one who did himself in. Ben Bradlee: Probably the first or second day, really. For over 30 years, the informants identity was known only to the man himself, and to Woodward, Bernstein and Bradlee. His writing was serious and matter-of-fact. Ben Bradlee: From Daniel Ellsberg. Finally, the night before we published came the critical moment, and we were in my house. "But, the real reason I wrote the book was, in April of 2003, they sold their papers, virtually the contents of their Watergate desks, from 1972 to 1976, for $5 million to the University of Texas. It was the first film I ever made like this, Hoffman told me. [9] He began his journalism career at the age of 16 when he became a copyboy for The Washington Star and moved "quickly through the ranks". This is not your average burglary.. Do you remember? The duo of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein have become synonymous with reporting the comings and goings of the Watergate scandal. It is, however, a simplistic trope that not even Watergate-era principals at the Post embraced. Would I run like that again?. Most of them didnt realize that the world had changed. Bernstein was among three CNN reporters who last week broke the story of former Donald Trump lawyer Michael Cohen's allegation that Trump knew in advance of the June 2016 meeting between representatives of his . That we had done stories, but it is a process of the judiciary, the Congress, the Supreme Court, that led to Nixons demise. Nixon Exceptionalism and the triumph of objectivity kept a focus on "what did the president know and when did he know it," the provable fact-based lie, liberated from anything that might be corrupted by debatable policy or ideas. Few in the room could recall a joint public appearance by the famous Washington Post reporters who uncovered the Watergate scandal that brought down a president. He sat down with Woodward, then 32, Bernstein, then 31, their editors, their friends and the two women at the center of the reporters' lives. His works to date include The Brethren: Inside the Supreme Court; The Man Who Would Be President: Dan Quayle; Wired: The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi; Veil: The Secret Ways of the CIA; The Commanders, a look inside the decision-making process behind the 1991 Persian Gulf War; The Agenda: Inside the Clinton White House; The Choice, on the 1996 presidential campaign, and Maestro, on longtime Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan. Bob Woodward was at the very head of that pack, flaunting his access to the Bush White House while failing to ask the only question that really mattered. Chris Pine finally sets the record straight, Oscars diversity improved after #OscarsSoWhite, study shows. More so than the book, the cinematic adaptation of All the Presidents Men placed Woodward and Bernstein at the decisive center of Watergates unraveling. Bob Woodward: We accused some people of things they didnt do that were based on some reports, written reports. After graduating from Yale University, he joined The Washington Post; nine months later, he was assigned the Watergate break-in story. He'd started at age two, I think. You dont think of them as real authorities in the question of what is classified and what isnt, and what is a threat to the United States and what isnt. When they found such a player in their legendary source "Deep Throat" -- later revealed as deputy FBI director Mark Felt -- they seemed blind to the reality that Felt wasn't motivated by an altruistic loyalty to the nation or the truth but by blind career ambition and petty revenge. Youre not used to seeing your actions. She pointed out that, "Woodward grew up in the Midwest, Republican household, went to Yale, was in the Navy. Woodward would only reveal his informant was an individual working in the Executive Branch. He has also done reporting for television and opinion commentary. If you didnt have the Independent Counsel, which was a direct outgrowth of Watergate, you never would have had Ken Starr, you never would have had a criminal investigation of Clinton. [14] While there, he won first prize in New Jersey's press association for investigative reporting, feature writing, and news on a deadline. But she was quite curious, quite well-informed, plugged in. It glosses over the scandals intricacies and discounts the far more crucial investigative work of special prosecutors, federal judges, the FBI, panels of both houses of Congress, and the Supreme Court. Find the perfect classics house stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. Later, along with Vatican expert Marco Politi, he published a papal biography entitled His Holiness. Like an assistant secretary of defense who had been a year or two before head of a big Republican contributor and head of an automobile company and, you know, sold cars in Omaha or somewhere. Bob Woodward has two daughters, Tali and Diana. The young protesters were arguably unlearning the false lessons of Watergate, that meaningful social change had to come from pounding the pavement, not just from pounding a keyboard. His unfounded fear of being fired and his need to belong fueled his workaholic lifestyle. It seems that there are very few long, extensive investigations into corruption where an editor lets reporters work on a story for a couple of years. With the full support of their editor, Ben Bradlee, Bob Woodward and his Post colleague Carl Bernstein continued to pursue the Watergate story, after other news outlets had dropped the story. Raised in a traditional Republican household, Woodward was very well-educated and has been described as gentle. To a certain extent, I always saw myself as a lawyer. We talk all the time. Not, "What did the president know and when did he know it? He had gone to Vietnam as a soldier, so he had fought in Vietnam, but he got convinced that it was a quagmire and that it was a great mistake and that by releasing this study, he could shine light into the darkest corners and change the course of the world. ." Had he been Deep Throat, he once told a Connecticut newspaper, I would have done better. We had such good sources. They wrote the best-selling All the President's Men and became millionaires. The Twitter-sized version is the president had a goon squad that did all kinds of buggings and break-ins and political dirty tricks, and when those burglars with ties to the White House were busted 40 years ago, Nixon and his top aides broke the law to cover it all up. He started working for the Washington Post in 1971, nine months before the Watergate break-in. Knopf had a first printing of 275,000 copies. I think there were two or three then, but I think there are six now. And my father said probably the severest thing he has ever said to me. The follow-up story was based primarily on their arraignment in court, and it was based on information given our police reporter, Al Lewis, by the cops, showing them an address book that one of the burglars had in his pocket, and in the address book was the name Hunt, H-u-n-t, and the phone number was the White House phone number, which Al Lewis and every reporter worth his salt knew. A judge told the Times they couldnt publish it, so a judge would tell us the same thing. And of course, as I now recall Faulkner novels, the characters are trying to find out what happened. It was to see if they could find the origins of our involvement in Vietnam, and what went wrong. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. In addition to the espionage and sabotage, another series of felonies stemmed from the attempt to cover up the earlier crimes by perjury and other obstructions of justice. At the end of his military service, Woodward applied to Harvard Law School, and was accepted for the fall 1970 term, but he chose to pursue a career in journalism instead. He joined the Washington Post's metropolitan staff in 1966, specializing in police, court, and city hall assignments, with occasional self-assigned feature stories. Who were your favorite authors? Bob Woodward: Yes. Carl is Jewish, grew up in the Washington, D.C. area. Within a year, his byline was appearing on the front page. Famously portrayed by Dustin Hoffman (Bernstein) and Robert Redford (Woodward) in the 1976 movie classic All the Presidents Men, the pair are far from best buddies and though they did not sit together on the dais, it appears some ice has thawed. What books impressed you as a kid? However, the wiretapped failed to work properly and on June 17, five of the men broke back into the DNC's office in the Watergate Hotel. Alicia Shepard fills in the gaps in her very candid book, "Woodward and Bernstein: Life in the Shadow of Watergate.". Mr. Bradlee, what were your emotions when Nixon resigned? Neither of those marriages could withstand all that pressure and that fame and money. " Kind of going, CIA. And the judge said, Where? And he went, CIA. And the judge said, Speak up. [26] Bernstein and second wife Ephron already had an infant son, Jacob, and she was pregnant with their second son, Max, in 1979 when she learned of her husband's affair with Jay. Some people haven't seen it yet. . When we found out who had taken it out, it was Hunt, and everybody said, What the hell is Hunt doing taking a book on Teddy Kennedy. Landed at The Washington Post in 1971, had nine months reporting experience. But together they did something that neither one of them could do individually. Whats the government up to? He also felt compelled, as a reporter, to point out that Bernstein's remarks were . He wanted to use the presidency as an instrument of personal revenge, to settle scores, too often, and thats not what the presidency is about. Both "owe a lot" to Redford, Shepard said, explaining that, "Redfrod played a key role in the writing of the book, because Redford saw that the story was Woodward and Bernstein, these two lowly reporters who were going after the White House. Still, facts and events from the book were questioned by Nixon's friends and family, and some obvious sources denied ever speaking with Bernstein and Woodward. An informant in the federal government, it was not until 2005 that the public finally put a name on Deep Throat. If you need to flag this entry as abusive. Thats a quote from the movie and the book. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. You have to remember that the Attorney General, who prosecuted us was the first and only Attorney General in the history of the United States to go to jail. Los Angeles, Remember that Harry Styles Spitgate drama? Well, I was down there. The rest of them all got away with it. He was a much better writer. Bob Woodward: We had done some of the early stories, that it led to the Senate Watergate Committee, led to the House Judiciary Committee and impeachment investigation. There are hundreds of millions of American dreams. It was mysterious always, his writing, but of great emotional impact. I am repeatedly struck by how I have missed part of the story, always. THIS year marks the 30th anniversary of the movie All the Presidents Men, starring Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as investigative reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, respectively. One day after Alfred E. Lewis broke the news of the Watergate burglary to Washington Post readers, two young Post reporters named Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein picked up the story. That the difficulties they put up to prevent the truth from coming out had been overcome. Bob Woodward: Interesting question. There was the whole intelligence-gathering apparatus. But she finally said, Well, okay. How old were you at the time of that break-in? How did it happen? Three Post editors were portrayed by award-winning character actors: Jason Robards as Ben Bradlee, Martin Balsam as Howard. He continued the story of presidential leadership and foreign policy in Obamas Wars (2010). . Events are filtered through minds and memories and prejudices, and you feel intimate with his characters. He had the mannerisms. As of 1997 Woodward is an assistant managing editor of the CIA in Veil (1987), the Pentagon and the Gulf War in The Commanders (1991), and the Clinton White House in The Agenda (1994). Professor of Communication Studies, American University School of Communication. Sometimes, people accuse us of bringing down a president, which of course we didnt do, and shouldnt have done,Graham said. What I try to do is piece together how people make decisions. Yes. They were tireless young reporters, fearless and not intimidated by the very powerful people they were investigating. Thats an astonishing thing for a journalist to say. How would you summarize that? Most of us had quite fancy security clearances in that capacity. This was later confirmed by both Woodward and Bernstein. And he was the one who said that. American University School of Communication and American University provide funding as members of The Conversation US. That really is what were all about. And so the other day they wrote a lengthy piece -- their first joint byline in 36 years -- trying to correct all the myths about Watergate that have risen in the years since. Leon Jaworski, like richard m. nixon, came from a poor, deeply religious background. He is the author or co-author of seven books: All the President's Men, The Final Days, and The Secret Man, with Bob Woodward; His Holiness: John Paul II and the History of Our Time, with Marco Politi; Loyalties; A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham Clinton;[3] and Chasing History, a memoir of his early years in journalism. I had a friend who read books like Crime and Punishment by Dostoyevsky. Thats the standard clich about Watergate: the system worked. Bob Woodward: If somebody came from Mars to America and went around for months or years, and then you asked them who has the best jobs, they would say the journalists, because the journalists get to make momentary entries into peoples lives when they are interesting, and get out when they cease to be interesting. A great many of the participants in the Watergate story have written books about their parts in the events. It turned out that he hadnt been asked, and that interested us a great deal, because if the prosecution wasnt asking him those interesting questions, that suggested that there was a reason they werent, and the reason might be that they were trying to cover it up. There was an election on in 72, and most of the rest of the country was saying, The Post is just playing politics, and all that stuff. He joined broadcast news in a high growth period. But in the end, its only a glancing blow. We want to thank you for talking with us today. The unmasking of Woodward and Bernstein sheds no credit on Bradlee, nor on his employer, my late friend, and a very gracious and generally admirable woman, Kay Graham. He was affectionately known as "Uncle Al" and had many sources in police departments. Where were you in the pecking order of siblings? When Woodward left the Navy, American involvement in Vietnam and domestic opposition to the war were at their height. Although the movie is the result of Redfords determination to get it made as the Watergate story unfolded, its authenticity and endurance have everything to do with its director, Alan J. Pakula, who morphed into a Sigmund Freud with notepad before any camera rolled. All talk. Where were you when he resigned, and what were your feelings? Between June 1972 to November 1973, Felt spoke with Bob Woodward 17 times, originally confirming leads the pair found, but eventually, began to offer new information to the team. All of us do! But three or four days later, we got a copy of them from Ellsberg, only we didnt have three months to study them. Each of these presidents had their own way of responding. This button displays the currently selected search type. In the end, the real exceptionalism of Richard Nixon was merely that he was dumb enough to get caught. Carl was the big thinker, and Woodward was the one that make sure it got done" (via CBS News). I mean, I believed it, because it was I knew it was coming. This time though, a security guard noticed that multiple latches on the doors were taped so they wouldn't lock and called the police, who caught the men in the act. Writers or journalists who inspired you? Bernstein and Woodward did not, all by themselves, bring about the destruction of the Nixon presidency, but some historians of the period do credit their early investigations with both informing and stimulating the official investigations by a special prosecutor, the courts, the Senate Watergate Committee, and the Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives that eventually forced Nixon to resign when it was revealed that he had participated in the cover-up almost from the beginning. Hes finally embarrassed, said Woodward with a smile. The truth that few wanted to confront was Nixon wasn't really unique at all -- just a peculiarly rotten and inept defender of a system, the national security state, that actually didn't work at all, that was corrupt to its very core. A community high school history teacher named Elizabeth Duncan who taught American history and was a great teacher. Mr. So we started phrasing it close to resignation, and debating resignation, and then, finally, we learned that I think he was going to do it at nine oclock at night, or eight oclock at night. Ben Bradlee: Four hundred stories about Watergate in The Washington Post Four hundred in two years and two months. Events are in no way simple or cinematic. What does the American Dream mean to you? Ben Bradlee: He sure did. You want to make sense out of it. Give him a story, any story, and he runs with it. ." While Woodward interviewed their informant, known as "Deep Throat," Bernstein discovered cash payments from Nixon's reelection campaign in one of the burglar's bank accounts (via The Washington Post). ", Shepard agreed completely with Smith's assessment that, "There could not have been two more opposite people who had to work so closely together.". It was already changing, but he certainly speeded it along. As Hoffman ran, Bernstein, already a celebrity, understood how much had happened in the three years since five burglars broke into the Democratic Party headquarters at the Watergate hotel. And most jobs, if you are a lawyer or a doctor, you have to deal with clients, patients who have boring problems or diseases that are routine, and of course, the definition of news is non-routine. Whats going on in the town in culture, in the nation, in the world is news, and you get to work on that. Bob Woodward: Yes, and then later, my parents were divorced, and my father remarried a woman who had three kids also. Were there other people that inspired you? Encyclopedia.com. He just had a psychosis about being controlled by authority figures. We talk all the time. Available for both RF and RM licensing. The Watergate scandal may officially date to June 17, 1972, but August 8, 1974 was truly the night they drove ol' Dixie down, as it were; I watched with a sense of awe and disbelief on a 13-inch black-and-white set as our President Nixon resigned, refusing to go to bed, watching his "political obituary" until they finally signed off and played the Star Spangled Banner at 2 a.m. By the time the movie of "All the President's Men" -- the tale of how Washington Post reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward broke some of the big stories of Watergate -- hit the theaters, I was 17 and seeing it with my first girlfriend. Bernstein and Woodward's All the President's Men (1974) and The Final Days (1976) capture the excitement of the chase, the enormity of the constitutional crisis, and the agony of the downfall. How do I pay someone back, either good or bad, for what they have done to me?. What it turned out was that the question hinged on whether or not he had told that to the grand jury, and since he hadnt, he was able to say No. He wasnt asked was there a slush fund, which, of course, there was. Were you in intelligence? Between 1980 and 1984, Bernstein was the network's Washington Bureau Chief and then a senior correspondent. The tapes incontrovertibly showed that he had participated in an attempt to obstruct justice from as early as six days after the Watergate burglary. Oscars diversity improved after # OscarsSoWhite, study shows however, a simplistic that! Who taught American history and was a great many of the story any... She was quite curious, quite well-informed, plugged in us today Watergate break-in us today Washington. Had no instinct for writing richard m. Nixon, came from a poor deeply!, Oscars diversity improved after # OscarsSoWhite, study shows federal government, was. 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